Be going to and present continuous as future

Sancho

Today I'm going to review be going to. I'm also reviewing the present continuous as future.

Hoy voy a repasar be going to. También repaso hoy el presente continuo como futuro.

BE GOING TO:

Cuando tienes pensado hacer algo, habla de ello usando be going to. Sí, se usa para decir  que se ha decidido hacer algo.
Ex. I am going to eat at the new restaurant tomorrow.
Voy a comer en el nuevo restaurante mañana.
Our team is going to play against yours next week.
Nuestro equipo va a jugar contra el vuestro la semana que viene.
Sylvia is going to meet us at the airport.
Sylvia va a encontrarse con nosotros en el aeropuerto.

La negativa se forma con isn’t o aren’t.
Ex. We aren’t going to go out tonight.
No vamos a salir esta noche.
Freddy isn’t going to study medicine. He wants to be an architect.
Freddy no va a estudiar medicina. Quiere ser arquitecto.

También se usa be going to para decir que algo está a punto de suceder.
Ex. There are a lot of black clouds in the sky. It looks like it’s going to rain.
Hay un montón de nubes negras en el cielo. Parece que va a llover.
Horrors! The lion is going to eat the lion-tamer!
¡Qué horror! ¡El león se va a comer al domador!
There´s a man on the roof. Hey! He´s going to jump!
Hay un hombre en el tejado, Eh! ¡Si va a saltar!

PRACTICE: Fill in the blanks with be going to and the verb in brackets.
1. We _________________ (visit) our grandmother.
2. She ________________ (fix) the hairdryer herself.
3. They __________________(have) breakfast at the hotel this morning.
4. Sandra _______________ (cheat) during the English test.
5. We _______________ (not laugh) at you.
6. Somebody _______________ (be) sorry about this.
7. Pat and Bob ______________ ( not spend) a lot of money in that shop.

Las Yes/No questions se hacen con esta formula:
Verbo auxiliar be + sujeto + going to + verbo principal + resto + signo de interrogación que ahora no me funciona.
Ex. Are you going to swim?
¿Vas a nadar?
Is she going to come with us tomorrow?
¿Va a venir con nosotros mañana?

PRACTICE: Haz preguntas para estas respuestas.
1. Are you going to play golf with Harry tomorrow?
Yes. We are going to play golf with Harry tomorrow.
2.
No. She isn’t going to ride her bike to school.
3.
Yes. Sam is going to paint the house.
4.
No. The policeman isn’t going to arrest Arthur.
5.
Yes. The gardener is going to plant tulips in our garden.

Las Wh- questions se hacen con la misma fórmula pero añadiendo al principio del todo la palabra pregunta.
Palabra pregunta + v. auxiliar + sujeto + going to + v. principal + resto + signo de interrogación que ahora no me funciona la tecla.
Ex.What are you going to do?
¿Qué vas a hacer?
When is Tom going to arrive?
¿Cuándo va a llegar Tom?
Recordad que si preguntamos por el sujeto por lógica no lo podemos incluir en la pregunta, ya que no lo conocemos y de ahí la pregunta.
Palabra pregunta + v. auxiliar + going to + v. principal + resto + signo de interrogación que ahora no me funciona la tecla.
Ex. Who is going to clean the kitchen?
¿Quién va a limpiar la cocina?
Si lo que no sabemos es el verbo principal, tampoco lo podemos incluir. Pero en este caso si se pone algo. Se pone do. No se puede dejar la oración sin un verbo, así que se pone do.
Ex. What are you going to do? / ¿Qué vas a hacer?
I am going to complain. / Voy a quejarme.
What is she going to do tomorrow? / ¿Qué va a hacer ella mañana?

PRACTICE:
Write questions for these answers:
1. How are you going to open the door?
I am going to open the door with John’s key.
2.
I am going to send Mary an invitation.
3.
Melissa is going to dance with Peter.
4.
Melissa is going to dance with Peter.*
5.
They are going to open this shop any minute now.
6.
I am going to study tonight.
*Sí, la pregunta número cuatro se puede hacer de más de una manera. Cuando preguntamos por el objeto, en realidad se debe usar whom en lugar de who, pero se puede usar who si hay una preposición y ésta se pone al final. Es decir, así: Who is Melissa going to dance with?
Pero también se puede poner la preposición al principio, usando whom.
With whom is Melissa going to dance?

Will y Be going to + infinitivo pueden ser intercambiables cuando se habla de forma informal. Pero cuando se habla o escribe de forma formal, hay ciertas reglas para el uso de will y de be going to. 

Se usa will para: 

- una decisión rápida, espontanea, que se toma en el mismo momento de hablar. Por ejemplo,  I will eat this last piece of cake so it won't be leftover. / Me voy a comer este último trozo de tarta para que no sobre.

- un hecho que va a ocurrir fijo en el futuro. There will be a full moon tomorrow. Mañana habrá luna llena.

- Para peticiones, promesas, negaciones, ofertas. Will you give me money? ¿Me darás dinero? I will marry you. Me casaré contigo. I won't argue with you, now or ever.  No discutiré contigo, ni ahora ni nunca. I will lend you my car. Te prestaré mi coche.

- una predicción basada en una opinión. The red team will win the match. They have been practicing every day for months. The yellow team is out of practice. El equipo rojo ganará el partido. Han estado practicando a diario durante meses. El equipo amarillo no ha practicado nada.

 En cambio be going to se usa para:

-una decisión que se ha tomado antes del momento en que se habla. I have been thinking about it and have decided I am going to go to Mabel's party. He estado pensando en ello y he decidido que voy a ir a la fiesta de Mabel.

- una predicción basada en algo que vemos o escuchamos en este mismo momento.

The blue team is going to win. They have already scored seven goals. The yellow team, none. El equipo azul va a ganar. Ya han marcado siete goles. El amarillo, ninguno. 

PRACTICE: Fill in the blanks with will or be going to:
1. The tarot cards say that you ___________ marry young.
2. My neighbor_______________ have a party tonight. I __________ go.
3. I think I ___________ say anything more. Yes, I’ve said enough.
4. Come down from that tree! You _________________fall!
5. I know that John ___________ be angry when he hears this.
6. The neighbors are fighting. I think I _________ call the police.
7. If you don’t stop insulting me, I _________ never speak to you again.
8. I think he is in love with her. Do you think he __________ ask her to marry him?
9. I know I ___________ be too tired to go to school tomorrow.
10. The ship ___________ sail to Genoa next week.
11. Pamela and her sister ____________ leave for Bangkok tonight.
12. Tim’s graduation ceremony ___________ begin at five o’clock.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS AS FUTURE:

Se puede usar el presente continuo como futuro para hablar de cosas que ya está decidido que se van a hacer o no hacer.
Ex. We are moving to our new house tomorrow.
Nos mudamos a nuestra nueva casa mañana.
I’m having a party next Saturday.
Doy una fiesta el sábado que viene.

PRACTICE: Write these sentences in English using the present continuous.
1. ¡Qué asco! No voy a comer eso. (Ughs!)
2. Si ella nos insulta, nos vamos. (insult, leave)
3. Salgo para Honolulu mañana. (leave, Honolulu)
4. La tienda cierra a fin de mes. (by the end of the month)

ANSWERS / RESPUESTAS

PRACTICE: Fill in the blanks with be going to and the verb in brackets.
1. We ARE GOING TO VISIT (visit) our grandmother.
2. She IS GOING TO FIX (fix) the hairdryer herself.
3. They ARE GOING TO HAVE (have) breakfast at the hotel this morning.
4. Sandra IS GOING TO (cheat) during the English test.
5. We ARE NOT GOING TO  LAUGH (not laugh) at you. (AREN'T)
6. Somebody IS GOING TO BE (be) sorry about this.
7. Pat and Bob ARE NOT GOING TO SPEND ( not spend) a lot of money in that shop.

PRACTICE: Haz preguntas para estas respuestas.
1. Are you going to play golf with Harry tomorrow?
Yes. We are going to play golf with Harry tomorrow.
2.IS SHE GOING TO RIDE HER BIKE TO SCHOOL? 
No. She isn’t going to ride her bike to school.
3.IS SAM GOING TO PAINT THE HOUSE?
Yes. Sam is going to paint the house.
4.IS THE POLICEMAN GOING TO ARREST ARTHUR?
No. The policeman isn’t going to arrest Arthur.
5.IS THE GARDENER GOING TO PLANT TULIPS IN OUR GARDEN?
Yes. The gardener is going to plant tulips in our garden.

PRACTICE:
Write questions for these answers:
1. How are you going to open the door?
I am going to open the door with John’s key.
2.WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO SEND MARY?
I am going to send Mary an invitation.
3.WHO IS GOING TO DANCE WITH PETER?
Melissa is going to dance with Peter.
4.WHO IS MELISSA GOING  TO DANCE WITH? WITH WHOM IS MELISSA GOING TO DANCE?
Melissa is going to dance with Peter.*
5.WHEN ARE THEY GOING TO OPEN THIS SHOP?
They are going to open this shop any minute now.
6.WHAT ARE YOU GOING TO DO TONIGHT?
I am going to study tonight.

PRACTICE: Fill in the blanks with will or be going to:
1. The tarot cards say that you are going to marry young. (lo estamos viendo ahora mismo en las cartas)
2. My neighbor IS GOING TO have a party tonight. I AM GOING TO go. dos decisiones tomadas de antemano probablemente.
3. I think I WON'T say anything more. Yes, I’ve said enough. decisión espontanea
4. Come down from that tree! You ARE GOING TO fall! lo vemos venir
5. I know that John WILL be angry when he hears this. hecho futuro, casi seguro, predicción por opinión
6. The neighbors are fighting. I think I WILL call the police. decisión inmediata
7. If you don’t stop insulting me, I WILL never speak to you again. decisión espontanea
8. I think he is in love with her. Do you think he WILL ask her to marry him? predicción por opinión
9. I know I WILL be too tired to go to school tomorrow. hecho futuro. 
10. The ship will sail to Genoa next week. horario, por lo tanto se da por hecho futuro.
11. Pamela and her sister WILL / ARE GOING TO leave for Bangkok tonight. hecho futuro, algo decidido que está a punto de suceder. 
12. Tim’s graduation ceremony will begin at five o’clock. horario, hecho futuro.

NO TE PREOCUPES SI TE PARECE QUE NO HAS DADO UNA AL CONTESTAR ESTO DE ARRIBA. LA VERDAD ES QUE CASI SIEMPRE VALE CUALQUIERA DE LAS DOS POSIBLES RESPUESTAS. ADEMÁS, LAS RESPUESTAS CASI SIEMPRE SE PUDEDEN ENFOCAR DE VARIAS MANERAS. TE ENTENDERÁN SI QUIEREN HACERLO.

PRACTICE: Write these sentences in English using the present continuous.
1. ¡Qué asco! No voy a comer eso. (Ughs!)

UGHS! I'M NOT EATING THAT!
2. Si ella nos insulta, nos vamos. (insult, leave)

IF SHE INSULTS US, WE'RE LEAVING!
3. Salgo para Honolulu mañana. (leave, Honolulu)

I'M LEAVING FOR HONOLULU TOMORROW.
4. La tienda cierra a fin de mes. (by the end of the month)

THE SHOP IS CLOSING BY THE END OF THE MONTH.